EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN EUROPE.

  Chronological Relations of the Close of the Glacial Period and
     the earliest geological Signs of the Appearance of Man.
  Effects of Glaciers and Icebergs in polishing and scoring Rocks.
  Scandinavia once encrusted with Ice like Greenland.
  Outward Movement of Continental Ice in Greenland.
  Mild Climate of Greenland in the Miocene Period.
  Erratics of Recent Period in Sweden.
  Glacial State of Sweden in the Pleistocene Period.
  Scotland formerly encrusted with Ice.
  Its subsequent Submergence and Re-elevation.
  Latest Changes produced by Glaciers in Scotland.
  Remains of the Mammoth and Reindeer in Scotch Boulder Clay.
  Parallel Roads of Glen Roy formed in Glacier Lakes.
  Comparatively modern Date of these Shelves.

The chronological relations of the human and glacial periods were frequently alluded to in the last chapter, and the sections obtained near Bedford, and at Hoxne, in Suffolk, and a general view of the Norfolk cliffs, have taught us that the earliest signs of Man's appearance in the British isles, hitherto detected, are of post-glacial date. We may now therefore inquire whether the peopling of Europe by the human race and by the mammoth and other mammalia now extinct, was brought about during the concluding phases of the glacial epoch.

Although it may be impossible in the present state of our knowledge to come to a positive conclusion on this head, I know of no inquiry better fitted to clear up our views respecting the geological state of the northern hemisphere at the time when the fabricators of the flint implements of the Amiens type flourished. I shall therefore now proceed to consider the chronological relations of that ancient people with the final retreat of the glaciers from the mountains of Scandinavia, Scotland, Wales, and Switzerland.