INDEX
- Absolute: in Plato, 152, 163 f., 166.
- Academus, 145.
- Academy:
- Platonic, 145 ff.;
- influence of later A. on Romans, 244.
- Acropolis, 109 ff.
- Actium: the battle of, 245, 246, 247.
- Acts, XI, 19-26: 311.
- Adad, 263.
- Adam, James, quoted, 143.
- Adonis, 51, 272.
- Aelian, V. H., IX, 12: 240.
- Aeschylus, 79, 81, 88, 90 ff., 117, 137, 164;
- on conflict of duties, 97 f.;
- concept of Zeus, 92 ff.;
- Fate, 93 f.;
- freedom of choice, 95 ff.;
- justice as attribute of Zeus, 94;
- man’s obligations, 94 ff.;
- nature of universe, 91 f.;
- pantheism, 93;
- punishment after death, 99.
- Ag., 160 ff.: 92 f.;
- Choeph., 306 ff., 400 ff.: 98; 1055 ff.: 96 f.;
- Eum., 264 ff.: 99;
- Pers., 827 ff.: 95;
- Sept., 597-608: 95;
- Suppl., 524 f., 574: 92;
- Frg. 70: 93.
- Aesculapius, 231.
- Aesop, 236.
- Aetius, I, 27, 5: 194.
- Ages of man: Hesiod’s five, 37 f.
- Ahriman, 278.
- Ahura Mazda, 278.
- Alaric, 66.
- Albertus Magnus, 171.
- Alexander the Great, 169;
- effect of conquests, 183, 185 f., 205 f., 257 f., 296 f.
- Alexandria, 205 ff., 297;
- Jews at, 205 f., 258, 262.
- Allegorical interpretation, 350 f.
- Ammonius Saccas, 207.
- Anaxagoras, 117 ff., 148, 152, 192.
- Anaximander, 43.
- Anaximenes, 43.
- Andania: mysteries at, 71.
- Andocides: de Myst. 31: 72.
- Antigone, 97 f., 104, 106, 107.
- Anniceris, 145.
- Antioch: church at, 311.
- Antiochus of Ascalon, 244.
- Antisthenes, 184.
- Antony, 246.
- Anubis, 262.
- ἀπάθεια, 189.
- Aphrodite, 17, 136, 231.
- Apollo, 16 f., 96 f., 230, 233, 247.
- Apollonius of Tyana, 206, 209.
- Apologists:
- the Greek, 327 ff.;
- attitude toward Greek culture and philosophy, 329 ff., 335;
- on creation, 333;
- Holy Spirit, 333;
- Logos, 332 f.;
- incarnation, 333;
- morality, 334 f.;
- nature of God, 331 f.;
- problem of evil, 333 f.;
- revelation, 333 ff.;
- salvation, 334.
- See also Aristides, Athenagoras, Justin, and Tatian.
- Apuleius, 335 f.; Met. X, 5: 269 f.; 19-30: 273-6;
- 23: 274; 25: 293 f.
- Archilochus, 76, 79, 121. Frgg., 56, 74, 3 ff.: 76; 88: 79.
- Ares, 17, 237.
- Aristides, 328.
- Aristobulus, 258.
- Aristocracies, 40.
- Aristophanes, Frogs, 454 ff.: 71.
- Aristotle, 70, 146, 169 ff., 183, 186, 187, 191, 209, 210, 297;
- attitude toward traditional religion, 180 f.;
- on the contemplative life, 178 f.;
- cosmological and teleological arguments for the existence
- of God, 174, 179;
- creative intelligence, 174;
- criticism of Plato’s ideas, 169, 171 f.;
- ethics, 177 ff.;
- first and final causes, 173 f.;
- four causes, 172 f.;
- God, 173 ff.;
- ideal state, 186;
- immortality, 177;
- influence of, 170 f.;
- matter and God, 174 f.;
- monotheism, 175 f.;
- teleology, 173 f.;
- transcendence of God, 176, 179;
- psychology, 176 ff.
- De anima, II, 1; III, 4, 5, 177;
- de caelo, I, 4, 271a, 33: 174;
- Ethica Nic. et Eud.: 179;
- Met., I, 3, 983a, 24 ff.; 9, 990b ff.: 172; VI, 8: 172;
- VII, 6, 1045b, 18 f.: 175; 7, 1032a, 13 ff.: 172;
- VII, 4, 1044a, 32 ff.: 172; XI, 7: 174; XI, entire: 175;
- XII, 10: 172; XIII, 3: 172;
- Phys., I, 9, 192a, 3 ff.: 166; II, 3, 194b, 16 ff.: 172;
- II, 7, 198a, 22 ff.: 173; IV, 2, 209b, 11 ff.: 166;
- VIII, 6, 258b, 10 ff.: 174;
- Pol., VI, 8, 1322b, 18 ff.; VII, 8, 1328b, 12 ff.; 1329a,
- 27 ff.; 1330a, 8 f.; 1381b, 4-6,17 f.: 181;
- Frg., 45: 70.
- Army: and oriental religions, 259 f.
- Art: influence of Greek on Roman concepts of gods, 231, 236 f.
- Artemis, 17, 135.
- Arval Brothers, 227.
- Asceticism, 158 f., 208, 209, 212 f., 214, 218, 351 ff.
- Associations: religious, 53 f., 268, 276, 290 f.
- ἀαταραξία, 242.
- Atargatis, 263.
- Athena, 16, 51, 96, 102, 110, 111 ff.
- Athenaeus, Deip., XI, p. 496: 69; XIII, p. 547 A: 240.
- Athenagoras, 328 ff.; Legat. 4, 7: 331; 9: 330; 10, 16, 24: 333;
- 24 ff.: 334.
- Athens, 41, 48, 53, 109 ff.
- Atreus: the house of, 96 f.
- Attalus, 261.
- Atticus, 244.
- Attis, 51, 272, 285 ff., 357.
- Augustine, Saint, 214; Civ. Dei, IV, 27: 243.
- Augustus, 231, 246 ff.
- Aulus Gellius, N. A. XV, 11, 1: 241.
- Baal:
- of Damascus, 264;
- of Doliche, 264;
- of Heliopolis, 263.
- Bacchae, of Euripides, 142 f.
- βάκχος, 51.
- Bacchylides, 14, 50-63: 87 f.
- Bacon, Roger, 171.
- Baptism, 340, 353 f.
- Basilides, 336 ff.
- Beyrout, 263.
- Birth, the new, 323.
- Body: tomb of soul, 55, 160.
- Brotherhood of man, 197 ff., 202.
- Burnet: on Plato, 147.
- Business: knowledge of, possessed by the East, 298.
- Calamis, 83.
- Calendars, Roman, 223.
- Callichoros, 63.
- Caesar, Julius, 246, 247.
- Capitoline Triad, 222, 224 f., 231.
- Carneades, 241.
- Carmen contra Paganos, 57 ff.: 289.
- Castor and Pollux, 230, 237.
- Catechetical School of Alexandria, 341 f.
- Cato the Censor, 235, 241.
- Cato of Utica, 254.
- Ceres, 225, 230, 233.
- Chalcis, 42.
- Charondas, 41.
- Christ:
- in Gnostic systems, 339;
- the indwelling, 314, 317, 322 f.;
- the light of men, 321 f.;
- the Logos, 318 ff.;
- in Origen, 344;
- the theme of apostolic preaching, 311, 312 f.
- See also Jesus and Messiah.
- Christianity, 296 ff., 301 ff.;
- and Paganism, 181, 326 ff.;
- Apologists, 327 ff.;
- debt to Paganism, 355 f.;
- dogma as safeguard of faith, 328;
- ethical value, 357 f.;
- fundamental ideas of primitive Christianity, 324 f.;
- Gnostics, 336 ff.;
- modification by philosophy, 326 ff.;
- a mystery, 295, 340;
- Origen, 342;
- reason for triumph, 356 ff.;
- relation to Greek philosophy, 302, 317 f., 324 ff., 355;
- teachings of Jesus, 302 ff.;
- of Johannine writings, 318 ff.;
- of Paul, 311 ff.;
- spread in the third century, 358;
- the ultimate philosophy, 358.
- Chrysippus, 186.
- Cicero, 187, 244; de Fin., III, 64: 197.
- Cimon, 110.
- Cinna, 246.
- Claudian, 235.
- Cleanthes, Hymn, 193 ff.
- Clement of Alexandria, 55, 69, 85, 93;
- Paed., I, 6: 353; III, 1, 1: 346;
- Protrep, 12: 353; pp. 12, 18 P: 69;
- Strom. I, 5, 28, 3; I, 20: 97; II, 19, 20: 342; II, 3: 353;
- V, 14, 94: 346; VI, 7, 59: 342; VI, 16, 134 f.: 346.
- Clytemnestra, 98.
- Colonization, 41 ff.
- Colossians: Epistle to, II, 20-23: 352; III, 1-3: 314.
- Communion, Mithraic, 282 f.; Christian, 354.
- Constantinople: the conquest of, 170.
- Contemplative life: according to
- Aristotle, 178 f.;
- Neoplatonists, 219;
- Origen, 347.
- Convention, the basis of institutions, 127.
- Corinthians:
- 1 Epistle to, III, 16 f.; VI, 19: 315; VII: 352; XII-XIV: 316;
- 2 Epistle to, III, 17: 315; IV, 6-7: 314.
- Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL), VI, 497-504: 288;
- VI, 510, 512: 289; X, 1596: 288.
- Cosmopolitanism: Stoic, 196 ff.; of Roman Empire, 299.
- Crassus, 246.
- Creon, 104 f.
- Critias, Frg. 25 = 1 N2: 128.
- Criticism of gods, 80 f.
- Critolaus, 241.
- Cronos, 237, 238.
- Croton, 53.
- Cult of dead, 26, 44.
- Cultores Iovis Heliopolitani Berytenses, 263.
- Cybele, 83.
- Cynics, 184 f., 188, 208.
- Dea Syria, 263.
- Death: life after. See Future Life.
- Deianeira, 105 ff.
- Delos, 260, 262.
- Delphi, 53, 109.
- Demeter, 18, 62 ff., 230.
- Democracy at Athens, 112.
- Democritus, 241.
- Deo, 69.
- Deuteronomy VI, 5: 305.
- Dialogues: the Platonic, 146 ff.
- Diana, 233, 247.
- Didache, 7: 353.
- Digest I, 1, 4.5: 4; XVII, 32: 198.
- Dio Chrysostom, Or. XII, 51: 27.
- Diogenes of Apollonia, 140.
- Diogenes Laertius, VII, 149: 194.
- Diogenes of Sinope, 72, 184.
- Diogenes the Stoic, 241.
- Dion, 145.
- Dionysius of Halicarnassus, IV, 62: 221.
- Dionysius of Syracuse, 145.
- Dionysus, 18, 47 ff., 142 f., 230, 272, 286, 357.
- Dispater, 231.
- Dittenberger, Sylloge 2 653: 71.
- Docetism, 320, 339.
- Draco, 41.
- Drama: effect at Rome, 233 f.
- Dualism:
- Gnostic, 338 f.;
- Mithraic, 279;
- Orphic, 50 ff., 55 f.;
- Platonic, 148 ff., cf. 208, 212, 216;
- Pythagorean, 62;
- Stoic, 191.
- δρώμενα, 69.
- δυνάμεις, 211.
- Ecstacy, 213 f., 218 ff.
- Education, Roman, 235 ff.
- εἶδος, 149.
- Eleusinian mysteries, 62 ff., 116.
- Eleusinion at Athens, 65 f.
- Eleusis, 62 ff., 116.
- Empedocles, 52, 53, 55, 57, 122; Frg. 115: 57 f.
- Emperor, worship of, 247 f.
- Ennius, 234, 235, 236, 238 f.; Scen. 316 ff.: 238.
- Envy of the gods, 24, 87, 94 f., 164.
- Ephemeris Arch., III (1883), p. 81, 8: 71.
- Ephesians: Epistle to, III, 3-4: 336.
- Epictetus, 187, 201, 204 f., 250 ff.;
- Diss., I, 1: 189; I, 3: 197; I, 14, 6: 202;
- I, 15, 1: 250; I, 16: 255; I, 16, 15-21: 200;
- II, 5, 13: 189; II, 8, 11: 202; II, 16, 45-47: 255;
- III, 10, 2: 251; III, 10, 8: 253; III, 12: 252; III, 13, 9 ff.: 255;
- IV, 1: 196;
- Gnomol. Stobaei, 31: 196.
- Epicurea, pp. 59, 72;
- Frg. 506: 249.
- Epicureanism: at Rome, 238, 241 ff.
- Epicurus, 254.
- Epoptae, 67.
- Er the Pamphylian, 162.
- Eretria, 42.
- Eteocles, 97.
- Ethics, 242, 249. See Morality.
- Etruscan influence at Rome, 222 ff.
- Eucharist: an initiation or mystery, 340, 354.
- Euclides, 145.
- Euhemerus: Sacred History, 238 f.
- Eumolpidae and Ceryces, 67.
- Euripides, 82, 107, 117, 133 ff.;
- on cosmic reason, 139 ff.;
- future life, 141 f., 160;
- humanity, 142;
- traditional religion, 134 ff.;
- a religious poet, 143.
- Bacch., 395:143;
- Hel., 1 ff.: 142;
- Heracl., ff.: 141 f.;
- H.F., 1307 ff., 1341 ff.: 137;
- Hipp., 451 ff., 473 ff., 1365 ff.: 136; 1102 ff.: 141;
- I.A., 956 f.: 139;
- I.T., 569, 570 ff.: 138;
- Phoen., 954 ff.: 139;
- Tro., 884 ff.: 139;
- Frgg., 151, 255: 141; 292, 7: 135; 506: 141; 593: 140;
- 757: 141; 794: 138; 816: 141; 941: 140; 946: 138.
- Evil: origin and problem of:
- in Apologists, 333 f.;
- Gnostics, 338 f.;
- Hesiod, 36 ff.;
- Homer, 14;
- Orphism, 52;
- Plato, 157, 165 ff.;
- Stoicism, 194 ff.
- Faith, 308 f., 313 ff., 321 ff.
- Fate: in Homer, II ff.; Stoicism, 194 ff.
- Fire: in Heraclitus, 120 f.; Stoicism, 192.
- First cause: Aristotle’s, 173 f.
- Flora, 225, 231.
- Florentinus, 198.
- Folk-religion in Homer, 26.
- Fons, 225.
- Freedom of the will, 88, 195 ff., 333 f., 345.
- Furies, 96.
- Future life, 24 ff., 39, 46, 48, 56, 88 ff., 99, 107 f., 141 f.,
- 274, 283 ff., 316 f., 339, 345 f.
- Galatians: Epistle to, I, 1 ff.: 312 f.; I, 11-12: 336;
- I, 16: 314; II, 15-16, 20: 314; III, 23-26, 27: 314;
- III, 26-27: 315; IV, 6: 315; IV, 19: 314; V, 22 f.: 315.
- Galen, 169, 298.
- Galileo, 118.
- Games in the circus, 222.
- Genius, 228.
- Getae, 49.
- Giants, 87.
- γνῶσις, 336 ff., 340, 342.
- Gnostics, 328, 336 ff.;
- on Christ, 339 f.;
- doctrine of emanations, 338;
- dualism, 338 f.;
- ethics, 340;
- nature of god, 338;
- origin of evil, 338;
- revelation, 337;
- sacraments, 340.
- See also Basilides and Valentinus.
- God: immanence of, 193, 203, 209;
- kingdom of, 301, 310;
- nature of, according to the Apologists, 333 f.;
- Aristotle, 173 ff.;
- Gnostics, 338;
- Jesus, 303 ff.;
- Origen, 343;
- Plato, 151 ff., 157, 163 ff.;
- Stoics, 192 ff., 203;
- personal concept of in Plato, 163 f.;
- Stoicism, 193 f.;
- transcendence of, 176, 208 ff., 215 ff., 331 f., 338, 343, 350.
- Gods: concept of in
- Aeschylus, 91 ff.;
- Archilochus, 76, 79 f.;
- Critias, 128;
- Epicureans, 241 f.;
- Euripides, 134 ff.;
- Hesiod, 29 ff.;
- Homer, 6 ff.;
- Pindar, 83 ff.;
- Protagoras, 128;
- Sophocles, 100 ff.;
- Theognis, 76 ff.;
- Xenophanes, 118 f.
- Good: the Platonic idea of, and god, 151 f.
- Goodness, attribute of god, 164.
- Gorgias, 124.
- Government:
- Homeric, 15, 40;
- effect of changes in, 40 ff., 183 f.
- Gracchi, 246.
- Great Mother of the Gods, 261, 267, 285 ff.
- Greece and Rome, 221 ff.
- Greek colonies: influence on Rome, 222 f.
- Greek language: knowledge of in Republican Rome, 233 ff.;
- universally understood in Roman Empire, 296 f.
- Greek religion: phase treated, 4.
- Hades:
- the Homeric, 19;
- as place of penance, 56 ff., 88 f., 161 f.
- Harnack, quoted, 321, 329 f., 337.
- Hebrews: Epistle to, 318, 348.
- Hecateus, 121.
- Hellenization of Roman religion, 229 ff.
- Hephaestus, 17 f.
- Hera, 15 f., 136, 237.
- Heraclea, 53.
- Heraclitus, 93, 107, 120 ff., 148, 183, 191 f., 212, 319;
- Frgg., 1, 2, 14, 15, 29, 30-32, 40-42, 57, 67, 90, 128: 121.
- Hercules, 137, 230.
- Hermes, 19, 230.
- Hermias, 169, 181.
- Herodotus, 3, 49, 71, 124, 164;
- Hist., II, 53: 3.
- Hesiod, 3, 28 ff., 43, 80, 118, 119, 121;
- Theog., 220 ff.: 30;
- W. and D., 47-104, 109 ff.: 37; 174 f., 182 ff.: 38; 213 ff.: 32;
- 225 ff.: 33; 252 ff., 256 ff.: 35; 265 f.: 33; 274 ff.: 34;
- 303 ff., 311: 31; 333 f.: 33; 336 ff.: 36; 694: 87; 709 ff.: 34.
- Hippolytus, 135 f.
- Hippolytus, Philos., p. 115 M: 70.
- Hippocrates, 298.
- Holy Spirit, 315 f., 322, 333, 339, 345, 353
- Homer, 3 ff., 119, 121, 236.
- Il., I, 37 ff.: 22; I, 65: 23; I, 258: 20; I, 517 ff.: 15;
- I, 528 ff.: 27; I, 544: 15; I, 592 ff.: 16; II, 5 ff.: 19;
- II, 202, 273: 20; II, 371: 17; II, 549: 16; III, 179: 20;
- III, 276: 15; IV, 1 ff.: 20; VI, 297 ff.: 16; VIII, 236 ff.: 22;
- IX, 533 ff.: 22; XIII, 296 ff., 331 ff.: 16; XV, 18 ff.: 16;
- XVII,446 f.: 25; XVIII, 369 ff.: 17; XVIII, 417 ff., 478 ff.: 18;
- XX, 1 ff.: 15; XXI, 442 ff.: 18; XXII, 365 f.: 23;
- XXIV, 334 ff., 525 f.: 25;
- Od. I, 45: 15; IV, 115 ff.: 17; IV, 351 ff.: 22;
- IV, 502 ff.: 23; V, 28 ff.: 18; VII, 81: 16; VII, 91 ff.: 17;
- XI, 488 ff.: 24; XIII, 162 ff.: 18; XV, 115 ff.: 17.
- Homeric Hymn to Demeter, 62 ff., 480 f.: 70.
- Honor: personal in Homer, 21.
- Horace, 76, 234, 236, 246.
- Horus, 272.
- Haruspices, 222.
- ὕβρις, 78 ff. See Insolence.
- Iacchos, 68 f.
- Icaria, 48.
- ἰδέα, ἰδέαι, 149, 211.
- Ideas: doctrine of in Plato, 147 ff.; in Philo, 211; Plotinus, 215.
- Ignatius, ad Eph., 20: 354.
- I G S I, 1019, 1020: 288.
- Iliad and Odyssey:
- characteristics of, 5 ff., 25 ff.;
- contain no theogonies, 8;
- contributions to later religious ideas, 27;
- date, 5;
- freedom in treatment of gods, 16 f.;
- purpose, 5 ff.;
- religion in, 6 ff.;
- show little reflection, 8, 21.
- Immanence of God, 193, 203, 209, 216.
- Immateriality of Plato’s ideas, 152.
- Immortality, 48, 59, 152 ff., 177, 202, 283 f., 286,
- 289, 306, 316 f., 334, 339.
- Incarnation, 319 ff., 333, 344.
- Individualism, 43, 47, 196.
- Initiation:
- significance of, 60, 72;
- Christian, 353 f.;
- Eleusinian, 65 ff.;
- Isiac, 273 ff.;
- Mithraic, 281 f.
- Insolence, 32, 78 ff., 86 ff.
- Iphigenia, 98, 138.
- Irenaeus,
- adv. Haer. I, 1-3; 24, 3-4: 338; I, 2, 5-6, 5-8;
- 24, 2-4: 339; I, 23, 4; 24, 5: 340; IV, 30, 3: 299;
- IV, 31, 4: 354;
- Frg. 36 Harvey: 354.
- Isis, 262 ff., 335;
- festivals introduced at Rome, 272 f.;
- initiation, 273 ff.;
- matins and vespers, 273, 276;
- modification of religion by Ptolemy Soter, 271 f.;
- mysteries, 271, 273 ff.;
- supreme divinity, 269 f.
- Islands of the Blest, 38 f., 90.
- Janus, 225, 226.
- Jesus, 301 ff.;
- concept of own person, 307 f., 310;
- of relation to God, 308;
- of passion and death, 309;
- on kingdom of God, 310;
- and the Logos, 318 ff., 333;
- person and mission, 303, 356 f.;
- redeemer and saviour, 312 ff., 321 f.; 357;
- relation of teachings to Jewish ideas, 309 f.;
- required belief of his followers, 308 f.;
- significance of personality, 303, 310;
- teachings, 302 ff.
- Jocasta, 97.
- John, 302, 318 ff.;
- character of gospel, 318;
- on Christ as Logos, 318 ff.;
- faith, 321 f.;
- Holy Spirit, 323;
- incarnation, 321;
- love, 322;
- salvation, 321 f.;
- union with Christ, 322 f.
- Gospel, I, 9: 321; III, 3, 6: 323; III, 16-17: 322;
- III, 19-21: 321; IV, 7 ff.: 323; V, 24: 323 f.;
- V, 35: 321; VI, 15: 308; VI, 33 ff.: 323; VIII, 12: 321;
- VIII, 31 ff.: 322; IX, 5: 321; XII, 35 f.: 321;
- XIII, 34 f: 322; XIV, 9-11: 322; XIV-XVI: 323;
- XV, 1 ff.: 323; XX, 31: 323.
- Epistles: 1 John III, 14: 324; IV, 2 f.: 321;
- IV, 8, 9 f., 16: 322; V, 24: 324.
- Judaism, 300 f.
- Judeo-Alexandrian philosophy, 206 ff.
- Julian, 66.
- Juno, 222, 224, 225, 226, 230, 233, 237.
- Jupiter, 222, 224, 225, 226, 229, 230, 233, 237, 263, 264.
- Justice, 19, 21, 32 ff., 35, 78 ff., 85 ff., 94 f., 141.
- Justin, 328 ff.;
- Apol., I, 5, 13, 61, 65, 67: 333;
- I, 5, 15 ff., 21, 56: 334; I, 23, 63: 335; I, 31-53, 56: 330;
- I, 66: 354; II, 6: 335; II, 8 ff.: 330;
- Dial. c. Tryph., 7, 29, 61, 62, 105, 116, 128: 333.
- Justinian, 118.
- Kabeiroi, 71 f.
- Keleos, 62 f.
- Kingdom of God, 301, 306.
- Knowledge, and Virtue, 131 f.;
- relativity of, 126 f.;
- revealed, 335 ff.
- Kore, 62, 64, 69, 230.
- Laelius, 187, 254.
- Laius, house of, 97.
- Lar, 228.
- Latin literature:
- founded by Livius Andronicus, 233;
- influenced by Greek, 233 ff.
- Law, written, 41.
- λεγόμενα, 69.
- Lepidus, 246.
- Liber = Dionysus, 230.
- Libera = Kore, 230.
- Life after death. See Future life and Immortality.
- Livius Andronicus, 233, 236.
- Livy, 234;
- Hist., X,19, 17: 228; XXII, 10, 2 ff.: 228; XXII, 10, 9: 233;
- XXXIX, 8 ff.: 239; XL, 29: 240.
- λογιστικόν, τό, 155.
- Logos:
- in Apologists, 332 f.;
- Heraclitus, 192, 319 f.;
- John, 318 ff.;
- Origen, 344 f.;
- Philo, 211 f.;
- and trinity, 350.
- λόγος σπερματικός, 192.
- Love: cardinal principles of Christianity, 304 ff., 322.
- Lucretius, 242.
- Ludi Megalenses, 261.
- Luke:
- Gospel, 302 f.; VI, 27-36: 304; VI, 35: 305;
- IX, 18-21: 308; X, 27: 305; XXIV, 47: 306.
- Lydus, de Mens., IV, 59: 286.
- Mâ, 263.
- Macaria, 141.
- Magic, lacking in Homer, 24.
- Magna Mater. See Great Mother of the Gods.
- Manes, 228.
- Marcus Aurelius, 78, 188, 204 f.;
- Reflections, II, 2: 201; IV, 41: 201; IV, 23: 256; VI, 44: 199.
- Marius, 246.
- Mars, 226, 233, 237.
- Matter, 166 ff., 172 f., 215 ff., 331, 332, 338.
- Matthew:
- Gospel, 302 f.; IV, 17: 306; V, 43-48, 44-45: 304, 305;
- XVI, 13-20: 308; XXII, 37: 305; XXVI, 63: 308.
- Mark:
- Gospel, 302 f.;
- VIII, 27-30: 308; XI, 25; XII, 30: 305; XIV, 61: 308.
- Megara, 42, 75, 145.
- Menander, 236.
- Mercury, 230, 232, 233.
- Mercy, attribute of gods, 106.
- Messiah, 212, 308, 311.
- Messianic hopes, 301.
- Metempsychosis, 56 ff., 61.
- Miletus, 42, 43.
- Mind, as formative principles, 123 f.
- Minerva, 222, 224, 225, 230, 232, 233, 237.
- Minoan Age, 3.
- Mithras, 264, 267, 277 ff.;
- chapels, 280 f.;
- communion, 282 f.;
- destruction of world, 284;
- dualism, 279;
- ethics, 280;
- final judgment, 284;
- identified with sun, 279;
- initiation, 281 f.;
- popularity, 277 f.;
- religion, origin and history, 277 f.;
- resurrection of body, 284;
- rewards and punishments, 283 f.
- Mommsen, Theodor, 223.
- Monotheism, Christian, 356.
- Morality, 20 f., 35, 45, 60, 72, 156 ff., 169, 177, 184 f.,
- 188 ff., 201 f., 213, 219, 249, 251 ff., 268, 279 f.,
- 291, 305 f., 314 f., 334, 340, 345 ff.
- Multiplicity and unity, 120 ff.
- Murder, 45.
- Musonius, 199.
- Mycenaean Age, 3.
- Mystae, 67.
- Mysteries:
- not mentioned in Homer, 18;
- Bacchic at Rome, 239 f.;
- Eleusinian, 62 ff., 116;
- Oriental, 268 ff., 289 f.;
- influence on Christianity, 353 f.
- μυσταγωγός, 353.
- μυστήριον, 65, 353.
- Mystery religions, 52 ff., 62 ff., 268 ff.
- Mysticism, in later Greek philosophy, 214 ff.
- Naevius, 234, 235.
- Nature, in Stoicism: 191, 196.
- Neoplatonism, 206 ff.; 214 ff.
- Neopythagoreanism, 206 ff.
- Neptunus, 230, 233.
- Nestle, quoted, 134.
- New Testament:
- three stages of Christianity represented therein, 301 f.
- Nigidius Figulus, 206.
- νοῦς, 123, 152, 215, 217, 219, 339.
- Numa, 227.
- Octavian, 246.
- Odysseus, 10, 12, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 104.
- Odyssey: translated by Livius Andronicus, 233.
- Oedipus, 97, 103, 105, 106, 107.
- Old Testament, 216, 217, 258, 303, 351, 356 f.
- Olympian religion, 25 ff., 110 ff.
- Onomacritus, 53.
- Orestes, 96 ff.
- Orgiastic cults: not mentioned in Homer, 18.
- Oriental influence on Greek thought, 257 f.
- Oriental religions, 257 ff.:
- character, 266 ff.:
- chronology, 265 f.:
- common elements, 289 f.:
- decay, 265, 357;
- distribution, 260, 264 f.;
- effect on devotees, 293 f.;
- morality, 268, 291 ff.;
- mysteries, 268, 271;
- opponents of Christianity, 326;
- pantheistic tendencies, 268 ff.;
- revival at Rome, 266.
- Origen, 207, 214, 341 ff.; on angels, men, and demons, 345;
- Christ, 344;
- creation, 343 f.;
- esoteric and exoteric Christianity, 347 f.;
- the founder of Christian philosophy, 342 ff., 348;
- on freedom, 346;
- Holy Spirit, 345;
- incarnation, 344, 347;
- Logos, 344 f., 347;
- nature of God, 343;
- psychology, 346;
- revelation, 343, 344, 347;
- salvation, 346 f., 348 f.;
- ultimate destruction of wickedness, 346.
- C. Cels., I, 1.7: 354; I, 31: 347; II, 66.69: 347;
- III, 59-62, 347; IV, 15.18: 347; IV, 65: 345;
- VI, 68: 347; VII, 17: 347;
- Exhort. ad Mart., 347;
- in Ioh., I, 20-22: 347;
- in Matt., ser. 69: 346;
- de Prin., praef., I: 343;
- I, 1.2: 344; I, 3.5.8: 345; I, 5, 3: 346; II, 5.6: 344;
- II, 7: 345; II, 8: 346; III, 1. 4. 6: 346; III, 5: 344;
- IV, 11 ff.: 351;
- in Rom., IV, 5; IX, 3: 346.
- Ormuzd, 278, 283.
- Oromasdes, 278.
- Orpheus, 52.
- Orpheus of Croton, 53.
- Orphica:
- Frgg., 7: 54; 14: 55; 46: 54; 115: 55;
- 117: 57; 154: 56; 223: 57;
- Tab. Orph. 18: 58.
- Orphism, 52 ff., 93, 118, 145, 208, 257, 351;
- ascetic tendency, 59;
- contributions to Greek religious ideas, 59;
- rule of life, 56;
- theogonies, 54.
- Osiris, 51, 267, 271 f., 286, 357.
- Paganism:
- influence on Christian thought, 349 ff.;
- service to Christianity, 355 f.
- Pan, 83, 130.
- Panaetius, 186 f., 243.
- Panathenaic festival, 111.
- Pandora, 36 f.
- Pantheism, 13, 46, 54, 84 f., 93, 119, 140, 163 f., 192 ff., 268 ff.
- Parthenon, 110 f., 112.
- Pathos in Homer, 25, 46.
- Paul, 161, 302, 311 ff., 348, 349;
- on Christ’s death and resurrection, 312 f.;
- dualism, 316;
- faith, 313 ff.;
- Holy Spirit, 315 f.;
- indwelling Christ, 314;
- salvation, 312 ff.
- See also Colossians, Corinthians, Ephesians, Galatians, Philippians.
- Paulus, Julius, 198.
- Pausanias, 83.
- Pax Romana, 245, 246, 299.
- Peloponnesian War, 124, 127, 133.
- Penates, 228, 237.
- Pericles, 110, 113 ff., 117 f., 124, 133 f.
- Persephone, 19, 62 ff., 231, 286.
- Persian Wars, 82, 83, 109, 117.
- Pessimism:
- in Theognis, 77;
- under Roman Empire, 204 f.
- Phaedra, 135 f.
- Pharisees, 304 f., 309.
- Phidias, 26, 110, 117.
- Philippians: Epistle to, III, 10 f.: 315.
- Philo of Alexandria, 207, 210 ff., 216, 258, 320, 331, 332, 338, 351.
- De alleg. leg., III, 29 ff.: 214;
- quis rer. div. her. 205 f.: 212;
- de somn., I, 149: 213;
- de special. legib., I, 329: 211.
- Philo of Larissa, 244.
- Philoctetes, 101.
- Philodemus, 93.
- Philolaus, 55.
- Philosophers, banished from Rome, 240 f.
- Philosophic schools at Athens closed, 118.
- Philosophy:
- Greek, and Apologists, 328 ff.;
- beginnings of, 43 f.;
- Clement’s attitude toward, 342;
- enemy of traditional religion, 117 ff.;
- function of according to Plato, 158;
- influence on Christianity, 302, 317 f., 324 ff., 355 f., 358;
- influence at Rome, 239 ff.;
- practical guide of life, 184 ff., 201 f.;
- reconciliation with Jewish theology, 206 f., 258; and religion, 179 ff.;
- rival of Christianity, 358;
- spread to the West, 297.
- See also Aristotle, Epicureanism, Philo, Plato,
- Socrates, Sophists, Stoics, etc.
- Philostratus, 206.
- φωτισμός φωτίζεσθαι, 353.
- Pindar, 52, 81 ff., 117, 137;
- Isth., III, 5 f.: 85; V, 13 ff.: 87; VI, 71: 87;
- Nem., VI, 1 ff.: 83; XI, 13 ff.: 87;
- Ol., I, 52: 86; I, 64: 85; II, 63 ff.: 90; X, 3: 85; XIII, 83: 84;
- Pyth., II, 49 ff.: 84; III, 29: 85; III, 78 f.: 83; IX, 44 ff.; X, 49: 84;
- Frgg., 131: 89; 137: 71; 140: 85; 142: 84; 205: 85.
- Pisistratidae, 48.
- Pisistratus, 53, 110 f.
- Plato, 144 ff., 183, 184, 186, 187, 199, 208, 209, 210,
- 211, 212, 216, 217, 257, 346, 349, 351;
- ascetic tendencies, 158;
- on creation, 167 f.;
- debt to Orphics and Pythagoreans, 156, 160 ff.;
- debt to Socrates, 146 ff.;
- doctrine of recollection, 153 f.;
- dualism, 148;
- on final fate of soul, 163;
- goodness as attribute of god, 164;
- on highest good of man, 156;
- human reason, 152;
- ideas, 148 ff.:
- immortality, 152 ff.;
- matter, 165 f.;
- morality, 156 ff., 169;
- nature of god, 151 f.;
- and Orphic dualism, 156;
- pantheism, 163 f.;
- on problem of evil, 165 ff.;
- psychology, 155 f.;
- transmigration of souls, 161 f.
- Alc., II, 149 D ff.: 23;
- Apol., 37 E: 105;
- Crat., 399 f.: 160; 389 f.: 166;
- Euth., 14 E: 23;
- Gorgias, 492 E-493 A: 160;
- Laws, VI, 759: 180; X, 894 B ff.: 153;
- X entire: 180; XII, 966 E: 153;
- Meno, 81 ff.: 153;
- Phaedo, 63 ff.: 160; 66 E ff.: 159; 72 ff.: 153;
- 82 f.: 158; 86 ff., 105: 154;
- Phaedrus, 245: 153; 246 f.: 155; 248 f.: 163;
- Phil., 22 C: 152;
- Rep., IV, 427 ff.: 155;
- IV, 438 A-441 C: 346; VI, 440 E-441 A: 155;
- VI, 484 ff.: 156; VI, 504: 155; VIII, 550: 155;
- IX, 580 f.: 155; X, 613: 157; X, 614 ff.: 163;
- Statesm., 272 ff.: 165, 167;
- Theaet., 176: 157, 165, 167;
- Tim., 28 A-29 E, 37 A: 152; 42 ff.: 165, 346;
- 49 E-52 B: 166; 69-72: 155 f.; 92 C: 152.
- Plautus, 234.
- Pliny the Elder, N. H., VII, 112: 241; XIII, 84 ff.: 240.
- Pliny the Younger, Epist., X, 96.
- Plotinus, 207, 209, 215 ff.;
- Enn., I, 2: 219; IV entire, 215; IV, 3, 7, 9: 217;
- V entire: 215; V, 1: 215, 217, 218; V, 9, 1: 219;
- VI entire: 215; VI, 9, 3: 215; VI, 9, 11: 219.
- Plutarch: philosophy of religion, 270;
- de aud. poet., 21 F: 72;
- de Is. et Osir., 67: 270;
- C. M., 22: 241.
- Pluto, 63 f., 231.
- Politics, Roman: in relation to religion, 232.
- Polynices, 97, 104.
- Pompeii, 262.
- Pompey, 187, 246, 263.
- Pontifex maximus, 229.
- Pontifices, 229.
- Porphyry, 207, 209, 218, 219;
- de abst., I, 31: 218;
- ad Marc., 32: 218;
- vita Plot., 1 ff.: 218; 23: 215, 220; apud Euseb.,
- H. E., VI, 19, 6: 343; VI, 19, 7 f.: 348.
- Poseidon, 18, 230.
- Priesthoods, Roman, 229.
- Proclus, ad Plat. Tim., p. 293 C: 69.
- Prodicus, Frg., 5: 128.
- Prometheus Bound, 91 ff.
- Prometheus, myth of, 36 f.
- Proserpina, 231. See Kore.
- Protagoras, 124, 126 f., 128, 151;
- Frg., 1: 127; 4: 128.
- Providence, 13, 194 f.
- Prudentius, Peristeph., X, 1011 ff.: 289.
- ψυχή: in Plotinus, 215.
- Psychology:
- Aristotelian, 176 ff.;
- Gnostic, 339;
- Homeric, 24;
- Origen’s, 346;
- Orphic, 55;
- Platonic, 155;
- Stoic, 192, 195.
- Ptolomaeus, Epist. ad Floram, 339.
- Ptolemy Soter, 271 f.
- Purification, 45.
- Puteoli, 262, 263, 264.
- Pythagoras, 60 f., 251.
- Pythagorean books at Rome, 240.
- Pythagoreanism, 52, 60 ff., 145, 206, 209, 216, 217, 257, 351.
- Quirinus, 226.
- Reason, the cosmic, 123, 139 ff.
- Relativity of knowledge, 126 f.
- Religion, Greek:
- of common man, 181 f.;
- in Athens of fifth century b.c., 112 ff.
- Religion, Roman, 223 ff.
- Renatus, 277, 289.
- Repentance, in teachings of Jesus, 306.
- Revelation, 209, 214, 217, 300, 334 ff., 349, 356 f.
- Rhetoric, Greek: spread to West, 297.
- Rhetoricians, Greek: banished from Rome, 241.
- Roman Empire:
- characteristics at beginning of the Christian era, 296 ff.
- Romans:
- Epistle to, VI; VII, 4 ff.: 315; VIII, 10 f.: 314, 315;
- VIII, 15; XIV, 17: 315.
- Rome, and Greece, 221 ff.;
- connection with Troy, 233;
- political power of, 259 ff.
- Romulus, 227.
- Sacrati, 268, 276.
- Sacrifice: obligation of, 21 ff., 35 f.
- St. Demetra, 66.
- Salamis: battle of, 109.
- Salii, 227.
- Salvation, 47, 55, 58, 60, 212 f., 274 f., 306 f., 324, 334.
- Sanctity: ideal of, 209.
- Samothrace: mysteries of, 71.
- Saturn, 225, 237.
- Saturninus, 246.
- Scaevola, 243, 245.
- Scepticism, of Sophists, 126 ff.
- Sceptics, 244.
- Scholia Venet. ad Il., XX, 67: 350.
- Science: East home of, 297 f.
- Scipio, 187, 254.
- Second Punic War, 235, 259.
- Secular games, 231.
- Self-consciousness, 8, 21, 41 ff.
- Seneca, 187, 188, 204, 250 ff.;
- de Ben., III, 18, 2. 20. 28: 198;
- Epist., 11, 8-10; 25, 5. 6: 254; 41, 2: 255; 41,
- 8: 254; 68, 2: 199; 92, 2 f.: 254; 95,
- 47-50: 200, 255; 95, 52: 197; 115, 5: 200, 255;
- de Ira, III, 36, 1-4: 251;
- de Otio, 4, 1: 199;
- de Vita Beata, 17: 189, 253.
- Serapis, 262, 271 f.
- Seven Wise Men, 43.
- Shamash, 278.
- Sibyl: Cumaean, 221.
- Sibylline Books, 221 ff., 230 ff., 260 ff.
- Sicilian expedition, 133.
- Simonides, Frg., 61: 76.
- Socrates, 104 f., 129 ff., 144 ff., 184, 185, 188, 252.
- Sol invictus, 279.
- Solon, 41, 79, 81;
- Frgg., 4, 1-16: 79; 13: 79 f.; 13, 31 f.: 81.
- Sophists, 124 ff., 151, 183, 244.
- Sophocles, 81, 90 f., 99 ff., 117, 133 ff.;
- attitude toward gods, 100 f.;
- concept of divine ordinances, 103 f.;
- criticism of gods, 100 ff.;
- and Eleusinian mysteries, 108;
- on good and evil, 100;
- life after death, 107 ff.;
- suffering, 105 ff.
- Ai., 127 ff.: 102 f.; 1343 f.: 104;
- Antig., 450 ff.: 104; 621 ff.: 100; 1347 ff.: 102;
- O. C., 495 ff.: 103; 1267 ff.: 106; 1381 f.: 100;
- O. T., 863 ff.: 103;
- Phil., 446 ff.: 101; 1440 ff.: 102;
- Trach., 1136: 105;
- Frgg., 103: 101; 226: 102, 135; 600: 105; 753: 71, 108.
- σωφροσύνη, 94, 102.
- σφραγίς, 353.
- στέρησις, 166.
- Stobaeus, Ecl., I, 1, 12: 194; Flor., 40, 9: 199.
- Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta (SVF), I, 175, 176, 537; II, 974 ff.: 194.
- Stoics and Stoicism,
- 184 ff., 208, 209, 212, 213, 241, 243 f.,
- 245, 249 ff., 254 f., 335, 350;
- allegorical interpretation of myths, 203, 350;
- ascetic tendency, 201;
- on brotherhood of man, 197 f., 202;
- and Christianity, 197 f.;
- cosmopolitanism, 196 ff., 254;
- eclectic character, 185 ff.;
- ethics, 187 ff.;
- on evil, 194 ff.;
- failure of, 256;
- on Fate, 194;
- freedom of the will, 195 f.;
- όγος σπερματικός, 192;
- on immanence of god, 193, 203;
- individualism, 196;
- missionary impulse, 199;
- modified by Panaetius and Posidonius, 187 ff.;
- a moral philosophy, 187 f.,
- on Nature, 191;
- pantheism, 192 f.;
- on Providence, 194;
- psychology, 192, 195;
- on worship, 199 f., 255.
- Suetonius, de Rhet., 1: 241.
- Sulla, 246, 263.
- σύμβολον, 354.
- Syncretism, 268 ff.
- Tarquins, 221, 222, 229 f.
- Tatian, 328;
- Orat., 5:331; 5-7: 333; 7 f., 11: 334; 13: 333; 20: 330.
- Taurobolium, 288 ff.
- Terence, 234.
- Tertullian,
- Apol., 37: 358;
- adv. Valent., 17: 323.
- Thales, 43, 297.
- Theagenes, 350.
- Thebes, 50, 72.
- Theophrastus, 297.
- Theophilus, ad Autol., 2, 15: 323.
- Theognis, 75 ff.; 165 f.: 76; 167 f.: 77; 171 f.: 76; 319 ff.: 78;
- 373-380: 80; 383 ff.: 78; 425-431: 77; 583 f.: 77;
- 731 ff.: 81; 1029 ff.: 78; 1075 ff.: 77.
- Theogony, of Hesiod, 28 ff.
- θεός, τὸ θεῖον, in Plato, 164.
- Theseus, 105.
- Thomas Aquinas, 171.
- Thucydides, 113 ff., 124; Hist., II, 43-44: 113.
- θυμοειδές, 155.
- Thurii, 124.
- Tibur, 230.
- Timothy: 1 Epistle to, IV, I-3: 352.
- Tiresias, 139.
- Titans, 51 f.
- Transcendence of god, 176, 208 ff., 215 ff., 331 f., 338, 343, 350.
- Transmigration of souls, 161 f.
- Trinity, 350.
- Triumph, 222.
- Tusculum, 230.
- Typhon, 272.
- Tyrannies, 41.
- Ulpian, 198.
- Union with god, 47 ff., 213, 219 f., 300, 314, 317, 322 f., 358.
- Uranus, 238.
- Valentinian I, 66.
- Valentinus, 336 ff.
- Varro, 225, 243 f., 245.
- Vesta, 225, 226, 228, 233.
- Virgil, 234, 236, 246; Aen., VI: 248.
- Vision of God, 213 f., 219 f., 347, 349.
- Volcanus, 233.
- Vows, 227 f.
- Wisdom of Solomon, 258.
- Wordsworth, quoted, 154.
- Works and Days, of Hesiod, 30 ff.
- Xenophanes, 118 ff., 350; Frgg., 11, 14-16, 18, 23-26: 119.
- Xenophon, apud Stob. Flor., 88, 14: 76.
- Xerxes, 94 f.
- Zaleucus, 41.
- Zama, battle of, 221.
- Zeno, 185 ff.
- Zeus, 14 f., 19 f., 26 f., 54, 75 ff., 79, 80, 83, 92 ff.,
- 193 f., 203, 237, 238.
- Zopyrus, 53.
