D.
Dactylic metre, 3. 400 C.
Daedalus, beauty of his works, 7. 529 E.
Damon, an authority on rhythm, 3. 400 B (cp. 4. 424 C).
Dancing (in education), 3. 412 B.
Dead (in battle) not to be stripped, 5. 469; judgment of the dead, 10. 615.
Death, the approach of, brings no terror to the aged, 1. 330 E; the guardians must have no fear of, 3. 386, 387 (cp. 6. 486 C); preferable to slavery, 3. 387 A.
Debts, abolition of, proclaimed by demagogues, 8. 565 E, 566 E.
Delphi, religion left to the god at, 4. 427 A (cp. 5. 461 E, 469 A; 7. 540 B).
Democracy, 1. 338 D; spoken of under the parable of the captain and the mutinous crew, 6. 488; democracy and philosophy, ib.
494, 500; the third form of imperfect state, 8. 544 [cp. Pol. 291, 292]; detailed account of, ib.
555 foll.; characterised by freedom, ib.
557 B, 561–563; a ‘bazaar of constitutions,’ ib.
557 D; the 346 humours of democracy, ib. E, 561; elements contained in, ib.
564.
—democracy in animals, ib.
563:
—the democratical man, ib.
558, 559 foll., 561, 562; 9. 572; his place in regard to pleasure, 9. 587.
Desire, has a relaxing effect on the soul, 4. 430 A; the conflict of desire and reason, 4. 440 [cp. Phaedr. 253 foll.; Tim. 70 A];
—the desires divided into simple and qualified, 4. 437 foll.; into necessary and unnecessary, 8. 559.
Despots (masters), 5. 463 A. See Tyrant.
Destiny, the, of man in his own power, 10. 617 E.
Dialectic, the most difficult branch of philosophy, 6. 498; objects of, ib.
511; 7. 537 D; proceeds by a double method, 6. 511; compared to sight, 7. 532 A; capable of attaining to the idea of good,
ibid.
; gives firmness to hypotheses, ib.
533; the coping stone of the sciences, ib.
534 [cp. Phil. 57]; must be studied by the rulers, ib.
537; dangers of the study,
ibid.
; years to be spent in, ib.
539; distinguished from eristic, ib.
D (cp. 5. 454 A; 6. 499 A):
—the dialectician has a conception of essence, 7. 534 [cp. Phaedo 75 D].
Dialectic. [Dialectic, the ‘coping stone of knowledge,’ is everywhere distinguished by Plato from eristic, i.e., argument for argument’s sake [cp. Euthyd. 275 foll., 293; Meno 75 D; Phaedo 101; Phil. 17; Theaet. 167 E]. It is that ‘gift of heaven’ (Phil. 16) which teaches men to employ the hypotheses of science, not as final results, but as points from which the mind may rise into the higher heaven of ideas and behold truth and being. This vague and magnificent conception was probably hardly clearer to Plato himself when he wrote the Republic than it is to us [cp. Introduction, p. xcii.]; but in the Sophist and Statesman it appears in a more definite form as a combination of analysis and synthesis by which we arrive at a true notion of things. [Cp. the ὑφηγημένη μεθόδος of Aristotle (Pol. i. 1, § 3; 8, § 1), which is an analogous mode of proceeding from the parts to the whole.] In the Laws dialectic no longer occupies a prominent place; it is the ‘old man’s harmless amusement’ (7. 820 C), or, regarded more seriously, the method of discussion by question and answer, which is abused by the natural philosophers to disprove the existence of the Gods (10. 891).]
Dice (κύβοι), 10. 604 C; skill required in dice-playing, 2. 374 C.
Diet, 3. 404; 8. 559 C [cp. Tim. 89].
Differences, accidental and essential, 5. 454.
Diomede, his command to the Greeks (Iliad iv. 412), 3. 389 E; ‘necessity of,’ (proverb), 6. 493 D.
Dionysiac festival (at Athens), 5. 475 D.
Discord, causes of, 5. 462; 8. 547 A, 556 E; the ruin of states, 5. 462; distinguished from war, ib. 470 [cp. Laws 1. 628, 629].
Discourse, love of, 1. 328 A; 5. 450 B; increases in old age, 1. 328 D; pleasure of, in the other world, 6. 498 D [cp. Apol. 41].
Disease, origin of, 3. 404; the right treatment of, ib. 405 foll.; the physician must have experience of, in his own person, ib. 408; disease and vice compared, 4. 444; 10. 609 foll. [cp. Soph. 228; Pol. 296; Laws 10. 347 906]; inherent in everything, 10. 609.
Dishonesty, thought by men to be more profitable than honesty, 2. 364 A.
Dithyrambic poetry, nature of, 3. 394 B.
Diversities of natural gifts, 2. 370; 5. 455; 7. 535 A.
Division of labour, 2. 370, 374 A; 3. 394 E, 395 B, 397 E; 4. 423 E, 433 A, 435 A, 441 E, 443, 453 B; a part of justice, 4. 433, 435 A, 441 E (cp. supra 1. 332, 349, 350, and Laws 8. 846 C);
—of lands, proclaimed by the would-be tyrant, 8. 565 E, 566 E.
Doctors, flourish when luxury increases in the state, 2. 373 C; 3. 405 A; two kinds of, 5. 459 C [cp. Laws 4. 720; 9. 857 D]. Cp. Physician.
Dog, Socrates’ oath by the, 3. 399 E; 8. 567 E; 9. 592;
—dogs are philosophers, 2. 376; the guardians the watch-dogs of the state, ibid.; 4. 440 D; 5. 451 D; breeding of dogs, 5. 459.
Dolphin, Arion’s, 5. 453 E.
Dorian harmony, allowed, with the Phrygian, in the state, 3. 399 A.
Draughts, 1. 333 A; skill required in, 2. 374 C;
—comparison of an argument to a game of draughts, 6. 487 C.
Dreams, an indication of the bestial element in human nature, 9. 571, 572, 574 E.
Drones, the, 8. 552, 554 C, 555 E, 559 C, 564 B, 567 E; 9. 573 A [cp. Laws 10. 901 A].
Drunkenness, in heaven, 2. 363 D; forbidden in the guardians, 3. 398 E, 403 E;
—the drunken man apt to be tyrannical, 8. 573 C. Cp. Intoxication.
Dyeing, 4. 429 D.
