R.

Rational element of the soul, 4. 435–442; 6. 504 A; 8. 550 A; 9. 571, 580 E, 581 [cp. Tim. 69 E–72]; ought to bear rule, and be assisted by the spirited element against the passions, 4. 441 E, 442; characterized by the love of knowledge, 9. 581 B; the pleasures of, the truest, ib. 582; preserves the mind from the illusions of sense, 10. 602.

Rationalism among youth, 7. 538 [cp. Laws 10. 886].

Reaction, 8. 564 A.

Read, learning to, 3. 402 A.

Reason, a faculty of the soul, 6. 511 D (cp. 7. 533 E); reason and appetite, 9. 571 (cp. 4. 439–442, and Tim. 69 E foll.); reason should be the guide of pleasure, 9. 585–587.

Reflections, 6. 510 A.

Relations, slights inflicted by, in old age, 1. 329.

Relative and correlative, qualifications of, 4. 437 foll. [cp. Gorg. 476]; how corrected, 7. 524.

Relativity of things and individuals, 5. 479; fallacies caused by, 9. 584, 585; 10. 602, 605 C.

Religion, matters of, left to the god at Delphi, 4. 427 A (cp. 5. 461 E, 469 A; 7. 540 B).

Residues, method of, 4. 427 E.

Rest and motion, 4. 436.

Retail traders, necessary in the state, 2. 371 [cp. Laws 11. 918].

Reverence in the young, 5. 465 A 369 [cp. Laws 5, 729; 9. 879; 11. 917 A].

Rhetoric, professors of, 2. 365 D.

Rhythm, 3. 400; goes with the subject, ib. 398 D, 400 B; its persuasive influence, ib. 401 E; 10. 601 B.

Riches. See Wealth.

Riddle, the, of the eunuch and the bat, 5. 479 C.

Ridicule, only to be directed against folly and vice, 5. 452 E; danger of unrestrained ridicule, 10. 606 C [cp. Laws 11. 935 A].

Riding, the children of the guardians to be taught, 5. 467; 7. 537 A [cp. Laws 7. 794 D].

Right and might, 1. 338 foll.

Ruler, the, in the strict and in the popular sense, 1. 341 B; the true ruler does not ask, but claim obedience, 6. 489 C [cp. Pol. 300, 301]; the ideal ruler, ib. 502:
—Rulers of states; do they study their own interests? 1. 338 D, 343, 346 (cp. 7. 520 C); are not infallible, 1. 339; how they are paid, ib. 347; good men do not desire office, ibid. ; 7. 520 D; why they become rulers, 1. 347; present rulers dishonest, 6. 496 D:
—[in the best state] must be tested by pleasures and pains, 3. 413 (cp. 6. 503 A; 7. 539 E); have the sole privilege of lying, 2. 382; 3. 389 A, 414 C; 5. 459 D [cp. Laws 2. 663]; must be taken from the older citizens, 3. 412 (cp. 6. 498 C); will be called friends and saviours, 5. 463; 6. 502 E; must be philosophers, 2. 376; 5. 473; 6. 484, 497 foll., 501, 503 B; 7. 520, 521, 525 B, 540; 8. 543; the qualities which must be found in them, 6. 503 A; 7. 535; must attain to the knowledge of the good, 6, 506; 7. 519; will accept office as a necessity, 7. 520 E, 540 A; will be selected at twenty, and again at thirty, from the guardians, ib. 537; must learn arithmetic, ib. 522–526; geometry, ib. 526, 527; astronomy, ib. 527–530; harmony, ib. 531; at thirty must be initiated into philosophy, ib. 537–539; at thirty-five must enter on active life, ib. 539 E; after fifty may return to philosophy, ib. 540; when they die, will be buried by the state and paid divine honours, 3. 414 A; 5. 465 E, 469 A; 7. 540 B. Cp. Guardians.