CHAP. IV.
EXPOSITION OF PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES.—THERMOMETER.—METHOD OF GRADUATING IT.—FREEZING AND BOILING POINTS.—LATENT HEAT OF WATER.—QUANTITY OF HEAT NECESSARY TO CONVERT ICE INTO WATER.—QUANTITY OF HEAT GIVEN OUT BY WATER IN BEING CONVERTED INTO ICE.—PROCESS OF BOILING.—OF RECONVERSION OF STEAM INTO WATER.—QUANTITY OF HEAT NECESSARY TO CONVERT WATER INTO STEAM.—BOILING POINT OF WATER.—DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT PLACES.—DEPENDS ON THE BAROMETER.—VARIES WITH THE PRESSURE.—EXPERIMENTAL PROOF OF THIS.—BOILS AT LOWER TEMPERATURES THAN 212° UNDER PRESSURES LESS THAN THE ATMOSPHERE.—SUM OF LATENT AND SENSIBLE HEAT OF STEAM ALWAYS THE SAME.—THE FUEL NECESSARY TO EVAPORATE WATER THE SAME, WHATEVER BE THE TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE AT WHICH IT IS EVAPORATED.—MECHANICAL FORCE OBTAINED BY EVAPORATION.—THIS FORCE NEARLY THE SAME UNDER ALL CIRCUMSTANCES.
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- FOOTNOTES:
