I.

Iambic measure, 3. 400 C.

Ida, altar of the gods on, 3. 391 E.

Idea of good, the source of truth, 6. 508 (cp. 505); a cause like the sun, ib. 508; 7. 516, 517; must be apprehended by the lover of knowledge, 7. 534;
—ideas and phenomena, 5. 476; 6. 507;
—ideas and hypotheses, 6. 510;
—absolute ideas, 5. 476 [cp. Phaedo 65, 74; Parm. 133]; origin of abstract ideas, 7. 523; nature of, 10. 596; singleness of, ib. 597 [cp. Tim. 28, 51].

Idea. [The Idea of Good is an abstraction, which, under that name at least, does not elsewhere occur in Plato’s writings. But it is probably not essentially different from another abstraction, ‘the true being of things,’ which is mentioned in many of his Dialogues [cp. passages cited s. v. Being ]. He has nowhere given an explanation of his meaning, not because he was ‘regardless whether we understood him or not,’ but rather, perhaps, because he was himself unable to state in precise terms the ideal which floated before his mind. He belonged to an age in which men felt too strongly the first pleasure of metaphysical speculation to be able to estimate the true value of the ideas which they conceived (cp. his own picture of the effect of dialectic on the youthful mind, 7. 539). To him, as to the Schoolmen of the Middle Ages, an abstraction seemed truer than a fact: he was impatient to shake off the shackles of sense and rise into the purer atmosphere of ideas. Yet in the allegory of the cave ( Book VII ), whose inhabitants must go up to the light of perfect knowledge but descend again into the obscurity of opinion, he has shown that he was not unaware of the necessity of finding a firm starting-point for these flights of metaphysical imagination (cp. 6. 510). A passage in the Philebus (65 A) gives perhaps the best insight into his meaning: ‘If we are not able to hunt the good with one idea only, with three we may take our prey,—Beauty, Symmetry, Truth.’ The three were inseparable to the Greek mind, and no conception of perfection could be formed in which they did not unite. (Cp. Introduction, pp. lxix, xcvii).]

Ideal state, is it possible? 5. 471, 473; 6. 499; 7. 540 (cp. 7. 520, and Laws 4. 711 E; 5. 739); how to be commenced, 6. 501; 7. 540:
—ideals, value of, 5. 472. For the ideal state, see City, Constitution, Education, Guardians, Rulers, etc.

Ignorance, nature of, 5. 477, 478; an inanition (κένωσις) of the soul, 9. 585.

Iliad, the style of, illustrated, 3. 392 E foll.; mentioned, ib. 393 A. Cp. Homer, Odyssey.

Ilion, see Troy.

Illegitimate children, 5. 461 A.

Illusions of sight, 7. 523; 10. 602 [cp. Phaedo 65 A; Phil. 380, 42 D; Theaet. 157 E].

Images, (i.e. reflections of visible objects), 6. 510; 10. 596 (cp. Tim. 52 D). 357

Imitation in style, 3. 393, 394; 10. 596 foll., 600 foll.; affects the character, 3. 395; thrice removed from the truth, 10. 596, 597, 598, 602 B; concerned with the weaker part of the soul, ib. 604.

Imitative poetry, 10. 595; arts, inferior, ib. 605.

Imitators, ignorant, 10. 602.

Immortality, proof of, 10. 608 foll., (cp. 6. 498 C, and see Soul).

Impatience, uselessness of, 10. 604 C.

Impetuosity, 6. 503 E.

Inachus, Herè asks alms for the daughters of, 2. 381 D.

Inanitions (κένωσεις) of body and soul, 9. 585 A.

Incantations used by mendicant prophets, 2. 364 B; in medicine, 4. 426 A.

Income Tax, 1. 343 D.

Indifference to money, characteristic of those who inherit a fortune, 1. 330 B.

Individual, inferior types of the, 8. 545; individual and state, 2. 368; 4. 434, 441; 5. 462; 8. 544; 9. 577 B [cp. Laws 3. 689; 5. 739; 9. 875, 877 C; 11. 923].

Infants have spirit, but not reason, 4. 441 [cp. Laws 12. 963 E].

Informers, 9. 575 B.

Injustice, advantage of, 1. 343; defined by Thrasymachus as discretion, ib. 348 D; injustice and vice, ibid. ; suicidal to states and individuals, ib. 351 E [cp. Laws 10. 906 A]; in perfection, 2. 360; eulogists of, ib. 361, 366, 367; 3. 392 B (cp. 8. 545 A; 9. 588); only blamed by those who have not the power to be unjust, 2. 366 C; in the state, 4. 434; = anarchy in the soul, ib. 444 B [cp. Soph. 228]; brings no profit, 9. 589, 590; 10. 613.

Innovation in education dangerous, 4. 424 [cp. Laws 2. 656, 660 A]. See Gymnastic, Music.

Intellect, objects of, classified, 7. 534 (cp. 5. 476); relation of the intellect and the good, 6. 508.

Intellectual world, divisions of, 6. 510 foll.; 7. 517; compared to the visible, 6. 508, 509; 7. 532 A.

Intercourse between the sexes, 5. 458 foll. [cp. Laws 8. 839 foll.]; in a democracy, 8. 563 B.

Interest, sometimes irrecoverable by law, 8. 556 A [cp. Laws 5. 742 C].

Intermediates, 9. 583.

Intimations, the, given by the senses imperfect, 7. 523 foll.; 10. 602.

Intoxication, not allowed in the state, 3. 398 E, 403 E. Cp. Drinking.

Invalids, 3. 406, 407; 4. 425, 426.

Ionian harmony, must be rejected, 3. 399 A.

Iron (and brass) mingled by the God in the husbandmen and craftsmen, 3. 415 A (cp. 8. 547 A).

Ismenias, the Theban, ‘a rich and mighty man,’ 1. 336 A.

Italy, ‘can tell of Charondas as a lawgiver,’ 10. 599 E.